Winyah Observer

              n
, PUBLIflHED BY
Waterman St, Tarbox.
OPFtCE OV FRONT STREET.
Devoted to News, General Intelligence. Miscellany, &c. &c.
TKUMH-.
Two dollars and flfly eents
PAVABI.F. IN  ADVANCK.
Vot. IX,
Ooorgotown, S. O., Wednesday, July 25, 1849.
[No. 473
Winyah Observer,
l-WNTED    AND PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
Waterman &, Tarbojc.
"^'irms.-'TiBo ddUars andfifty cents per attnum, if paid in advance. Advertisements ¦'wWl be In.ser- ed at ?5 cents per square for the, first, and 50 cents or each subsequent insertion—ihe cash to be paid ivhen ordered out. 'Yearly advertisers -will ad- Vance one half the charge for advertising, withoui Ihis no contract will be made. For announcing a Candidate ^i in advance. Hymenial and Obitua- rp notices not esceeding six lines will be inserted itan of chorg-'.
\Yho lias klmyed the Soatli ?
It ca.''"'^t be denied, that a very great change in relc^'^on to the subject of slavery lias taken place in .'.he free States, not only in t«e sentiments which pi*?vail among the mass of the people of tho.se States, but in the political action of both of the great parties into which they are divi¬ ded. The fact cannot be denied, that li is but a few years si nee when Aboltion- ism was a meagre faction even in the New England States, and its advocates were even there treated with contempt, ridicule, and som'etimes with violence, when they attempted to hold meetings for the purpose of discussing the doc¬ trines which they professed. Nor had it made any headway in Congress, The South presented, at that time, an undi¬ vided front upon a question which af¬ fected so vitally her great interest, and she was sustained by a band of firm and intrepid friends among the Democrats of the free States, which enabled her in a great measure to suppress even the agita¬ tion ofthe dangerous question of slavery. It cannot be denied, that not more than six years ago the South was triumphant inthe halls of Congress on this i^iuestion, •which so intimately involves her peace and security, and was enabled through the fidelity of the Democratic Represen- tativess from the free States, effectually to suppress all agitation upon the subject. Such was the state of things no farther back than six years.
Now what is the state of the question both in Congress and the Stales in which slavery does, not exist ? In Congress the South have been defeated and pros¬ trated on this great quesiion. She has been insulted, and even the sacred guar¬ anties of the Constitution, which should be her protection, have been grossly vio¬ lated and trampled upon in the House of Representatives. The rules adopted to prevent the agitation of the subject have been repealed, and even on the great question relating to the territories, she has failed in obtaining the rights and securities which she claims under the Constitution. And what is the slate of the question in the free States? A change equally as radical and profound has there taken place among both peo¬ ple and politicians. Six years ago the Soulh could rely implicitly upon the support of one of the great parties at the North. She had friends in Congress from the North belonging to the Democratic party, who nobly defended and main¬ tained her rights. But now, what is the state of things ? Nearly all those friends have been stricken down and have dis¬ appeared, and she is left to battle for her rights almost alone and single-handed. These are facts, stubborn facts, and they cannot be denied. And now it remains to inquire inlo the causes which have produced this great change in the senti¬ ments and conduct ofthe people of the free States, and in Congress, upon the subject of slavery, and to asceftaini if possible, who have b§§n Its authors.
In our judgment, there U hut one cause and the authors to \\\f^t eause are as ap¬ parent to our view as the cause itself. It is tho alliance of the Sauthern Whigs with Northern Wh'gs; for Vfi^iti^^ \\i,^ leaders of the Wh''g par^Y in the South are alonf responsible. I^et m look back into the hUtory of th,e slavery question in Congress, and see if vve have not abun- daftt evidence to sujpport the position ¦\YW<:h we have assumea.
Jiy^ry SoMthcrn man will  remember.
that the agitation of the slave question in Congress is comparatively of recent date. i It commenced under the authority ofthe late J ohn Quincy Adams, who owed a debt of hatred and revenge to the South for the political hostility which both he and his father encountered from the De¬ mocracy of that portion of the Union. He became the great agitator, and ll«e patron ofthe pretended riglu of petition, under which the nbolitionist claimed ttie right of innundatirtg both Congress and
ofthe South, Souihern Whigs aided them and encouraged them, exulting with them over every victim whom they had pros¬ trated and destroyed. Southern Whigs rejoiced in every victory, which their Northern Abolition allies gained over the Democracy of the North, upon whom alone the South could rely for the defence of her rights. When the De- mocracry of New Hampshire was tem¬ porarily broke down and defeated by the treachery of Hale, Southorrn Whigs, both
the countrj with their inflamable matter I orators and presses, were loud in their re- upon the subjecl of slavery. In .'838, joicingat tl>e event. Tfiey esdlod al the the nuisance had become so intolerable ' election of Hale to the Senate and again in the House of Representatives, that that | in the eicclion of Wilson and Tuek (Ab
' Southern interests be called to account for the treason, which they have com¬ mitted, by the people ofthe South, whom they have deceived, cajoled, and at last betrayed. Let the Whig leaders of tho South be summoned to the bar of the people lo answer for Iheir treachery to the interests of the South. In this way Whigs.    And this base game of treach- i! can justice be vindicated and the rights
" Smith, had written private letters assu¬ ring them that he would not veto that measure if it should pass through Con¬ gress. Thus was a deliberate fraud perpetrated upon either the North or the South, and perpetrated, too, through the agency of a Southern Whigs slave¬ holder, and countenanced by  Southern
body found it necessary to take some steps to suppress and put an end to it. And hence the resolutions known as the "Atherton resolutions" were adopted. Those resolutions were pi-csented by Mr. Atherton, a Democraiic member from New Hampshire, and were adopted by a unanamous vote on the part of the South¬ ern members, and a large share of the | Democraiic members, from the free States, very few if any Whigs fixmi the free States voting for them. They pro¬ vided that Abolition petilitions should be received and referred to a commiitee wiihout reading.
Still the agitation was not allayed. Under the lead of Mr, Adams, ai4ed and assisted by Mr, Slade, a Whig from Ver¬ mont, and Mr. Giddings, anoiher Whig from Ohio, ()etitioos of the most objec¬ tionable characler, and most insulting to the Soulh, continued to be presented in greater numbers than ever; and so great was the excitement produced by them, | and the consequent interruption of busi¬ ness, that the House wascompeHed, at the sesision of lS38-'40, to adopt the cele¬ brated 2l8t rule, which excluded the re¬ ception of petitions upon the subjecl of slavery. This resolution was adopled by the unanimous vote of the Southern members, and twenty-eight Northern Democrats; all the Whig members from the free Stales voting against them ex¬ cept one» Thus, at that lime, the whole Whig party of the North had abandoned the interests ofthe South and come out on the side of the Abolitionists; leaving the South and a devoted band oi Norlh¬ ern Democfals to fight the battles of the Soulh against the incendiaries, who were endeavoring to light upthe torch of insur¬ rection and servile War In her very bosom.
After thin clear demonstration that the South  had nothing   to hope   from the Whigs ofthe Northj and everything to hope from  the- Democi'ats,   who had ! proved to  be   her  tfue and steadfast friends, what course ought she  to have pursued ?    The voice of reason and of common sense answers, that she should li have stood by her true friends in the free Stales, the Democrats. But what cSurse did she take ?    The Democrats of the South continued to support the North¬ ern friends of the South but the Whigs of the South deserted  them.    After this demonstration of division   among  the poHlicians and people ofthe South, and the alliance of the Southern Whigs with the Northern Whigs, what   was the course   of   the latter?   They became open and avowed Abolitionists.   They passed resolutions against slavery, not only in their popular conventions hut in their State Li^i^l»tur99, and permitted no opportunity to pass to inflame the popular mind against slavery.    And in Congress. Whig Representatives from the North vc(te4 Q.n all Qopasians nnd on all questipins, ftgamst the Soolb.   At hoifle ih&y waged incessant war against the Demoorats who had maintained the right* ttf the South.    They joined wilh the Afaolitioaists in hunting down and destroying poiiiically  every Norther^ man who dared fo stand up in defen?^ of the constitutional rights of the Soulh. And while these Whig ene^iiua oi" tho South were engaged in  this infamous work ef hunting dowu the lHi&  facuds
olitionists) lo fhe House. These are facts which cannut wilhtnitli be denied or gaiiisayed. It cannot be denied that so far back as the adoption of tiie tweoty- first rule, the Northej-n Democrats were the only friends which the Soulh had in the North. Nor can it be denied that so far back as the adoption ofthe twenty- first rule, the Northern Democrats were the only friends which the South had in the North. Nor can it be denitd that from that day to this, Northern Whigs, aided and abetted by South¬ ern Whigs, have been constantly hunt¬ ing them down, making this very friend¬ ship to the South and support of South¬ ern rights the pretext and cause of accu¬ sation against them.
But these are not all the facts ((otng to show the treachery of southern Whigs to southern interests—conduct which has tended more than all other causes to alie¬ nate the Democratic friends of the Soulh, and to throw her great interests at the mercy of Northern Abolitionism. In tiie session of 1842*'48 the SM rule was repealed. It was accomplislied by the unanimous vote of the Northern Whigs, and a portion of Northern Demo- ij crats, and several Southern Whigs— Stanly of North Carolina, and Botts of Virginia, being among them. Here is an instance in which Southern Whigs not only deserted the true frieiids of the South from the North, but they deserted the Southern' cause ilself Aftei' Such, a betrayal of Souihern inteilesls by the Southern Whigs, could the South look longer even lo the northern Democrats for sympathy and support. We appeal to all candid Souihern men ofall parlies, and conjure thettt to pdndel' this tjues- tioui But this is nof all. The territori¬ al question Came up, and was debated ih Congress. Northern Deltlocrats desifed that the question should be settled. Mr: Clayton's compromise bill Vvas offered; and while liot a Northern Whig voted for it, enough of the Northern Denrio- cralic representatives did, to insure its passage If all the StiUthefn Whigs had voted for it. But they did not. Eight of them, including Stephens of Georgia, and I'endleton of Virgiiiia, voted against il, defeated it, and left a legacy for the H present, to distract the country and me¬ nace its peace and tranquility. Here is another desertion of Southern inter¬ ests by Souihern Whigs, acting ih alli¬ ance vvilh the Whigs of the north, vvho were unanimous against the passage of the compromise bill.
Bul the catalogue of treachery on the part of Southern Whigs to southern in¬ terests is 6ot yet complete.    The pres¬ idential election ensued.    The Demo- Qi-ats naininated a candidate who avow- himself in favor of non-intervention in reference to the territories. On the other hand, the Whigs put forward a candid¬ ate who would not commit himself on the question of slavery in tbe territories. He was supported at the South, oa the ground that he was a slaveholder, which was alleged lo be a sufficient guaranty to the Sooth that he would veto the Wil- <not Proviso; while at the North he was supported on the ground that h» would not veto the  Proviso, beoavto* he had pledged himself again^ tbi» use of the veto power; and moreover, as asserted by   ^bbott   Lawrence   and   Truman
cry and double dealing is still going on. Gen. Taylor has not yet made known the course vvhich he wiil persue in the event ofthe passage ofthe Wilmot Pro¬ viso. His personal organ in this city, the Republic, refuses to answer ques¬ tions put to it with a view to ascertain what course Gen. Taylor designs to pur
sue in relation to this agitating question,   of Northern   Democrats.    Al  the ap
And to this day it is not known vvlieth- erof not Gen. Taylor vvill approve the Wilmot Proviso—he and his followers hoping fo extricate themselves from the infamous fraud and deception which they have practised upon the country by the accidents of the nexi twelve monihs, vvhich they hope may introduce Califor¬ nia as a sovereign Stale in the Un'on, i and thus prevent the exposure of their shameful machinations connected vvith the chief Magistracy of this great and proud Republic. ^
But even this is not all. Southern Whigs aided in nominating and elec^ j ting MilHard Fillmore to the office of Vice President, vvho is an avowed Ab¬ olitionist, and is in favor not only of the Wilmot Proviso, but of the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, attd of the interdictions of ihe slave trade between the States. This is another undeniable and damning fact, going to show the treachery of Souihern Whigs to Souihern interests. Many more might be named, sUch as the election by Southern votes of Robert C. Winthrop; a Northern Whig Abolilionislj to the Speaker's chair, and appointment by Gen. Taylor of Messrs; EvVing and Callamer lo his Cabinet, two well konwn Abolitionists and Wilmot Pi'oviso men—the latter voting for every Ab¬ olitionist proposition while he was in Congress, even Gott's resolution lo abol-
of the South preserved. In this way can the unatural and revolting alliance between the Whig leaders of the South and the Abolition Whigs of the North be broken up, and Southern rights vin¬ dicated and sustained. And then the South can, vvilh the utmost confidence, again claim the friendship and support
preaching elections for Congress in the Southern States, let their patriotic and enlightened people recollect these facts, and discard the traitors from the public councils.
Yankees going lo California.
That our gold-seekers take naturally^ both to wriling and fighlin*.    ("sWord and pen,") the following, from  the cor¬ respondence of the Tribune, shows very fairly 1—" Last Sunday afternoonj when about half our company were up there, a very serious fight took place betweet* the Americans (of whom   there  were about one hundred,) and the citizens and soldiers of the  town St. Catherine's.) There were ten or fifteen Portuguese killed, and one Americanj and one was also wounded.    I do not know the caws© ofthe row, but the first commencement ofit was that some twenly or thirty Portuguese came running Up to the ho¬ tel, and all hands rushed on a gentleman, one ofthe Passengers of the  Washing¬ ton, and cut him almost  to pieces, of' course   killed   him—upon   which    the> Americans rushed out. firing their pistols, and driving all their assailants aroun(?. the Corner, excepting a tew whom the ,' sent a little farihir^    The  bells rar )', and in a few moments the streets, at b oth ends of the block,  were crammed   with srtldiei's    arid    low   Portuguese.     Tlu^ Americatlhi, thinking there Was onl'y o-^ei-.
ish slavery in this District; and the re- i thing to be dohe—to "giVe 'em    a 1',
moVal by Gen; Tayjor of Northern Dem¬ ocrats vvho have constantly and uni- formlyj in Congress arid out of it. Voted for and supported the interests of the South.
Such ai^e the fUc Is will eh In our nilnds conclusively  convict Southern  Whigs of treachery   to Southern   interesls;— They  cannot  be denied because they stand oUt in bold relief upon the records of Congress and the cuuutrv.    Nothing but  the most reckless   mendacity  vvill venCure lo deny that ten, nay six years ago,  the great  body of the Northern Democrats stood firmly and faithfully by the interests and rights of the South, vvhile the Whigs ofthe Norlh vtere then, and have ever since been, the enemies of the south.    None will deny that from that time until the  present,   Southern Whigs have been in political alliancie with Northern Whigs in Imntiiig down and   destroying  Northern  Democrats, who are the true friends of the  South. Is il strange, then, that Nonhern Demo¬ crats shoulJ become disheartened, p j^j in the eiid disgusted with the blac',; ja. gratitude and treachery, on the  part of the Whigs of the South, ar j   should change their course, and in   self-defence take the same ground upc.n the subject ofslavery which Northern 1 Whigs have- always taken, withou*. incurring theoejK sure of their allies of \he  South ;   We are not  surprised that such has ever tM>*n the result, al'.hough vv«» i^nn. ieepiy jrieved.    W© are grieved iJjjU o Southern interests shouid be betrayi^J Dy Swth- ern men, tyid Southern wghts struck dowd by fjouthern l^nd^.    Now, wl^at
is the r.4medy? k is for the peopj© ^f | 4ajk to keep up their courage. I was theS'juth to, hpld Southern Whigs re-1 sea-sick only one day—the second day sponsible for this criniinal bftr.-iyal oC\i out, but quite longenough. however, t Southern interests.    J^et thc traitoii to - fully agreed vvitb Plato for tbe tin.ic,tbi<»
itail • rtlofe gi'ape"-^rushed on them vv' ith. their, revolvers and knives, Upon wlv ,ch tlh»v ran as if'OldZack' himself    was after them.    Our men took no part   jq it^ ^m- farthef than stand on the def ensive, antf as soon as an opportunity    oflered, re¬ treated info the American "Hotel, whicli Was surrounded by soldier 3 and cannon platied opposite.    Ofte of   the Compav.w,- who could speak Porti iguese, took, tii^s' pistol and went out; and told  the   %om-.. manderof the troops tiiat vve, t^le i^icj--. idahs, did not wish to have  'any distiu- bance with them, but if anr^j^gj one   ^,r. 'hhe Amerit^ans, vYa.%   lor .ched we coula* riise  seven   hu-.ulred   meo,   armedi t^ the teeth, amor .g the. ships, lying at> Ht«. anchorage   -^j-rou'.jd   below,   and woukl. come up ar.d cJ,_,,,,„ ,vit{>the wholb town, which hpj tl .e effect to, make them re- i"*e. • . . . ^ . A few dft^% after crossiug; the r.ne,   we spoke   a ©utchman who Wjiite'-u to know viha. v^as- elected Presi¬ dent. ?   and   wben answered ' General Taylor,' he exfiiessed Ijiis satisfaQliou in all kinds oi ways, and run up his ensign nine t-ines in quick   succession, which wasan$^w«jrtj(iS!t>>y our own  aed a voice, from ' Olid) Susfro*''iiks. we term our gun. For tb*^ first teOiCbys out we had a severs^ gfrlte*. which we  thought rather an un» pjeasaot i!^tl(t)du«tio8 fiso long a voyage-. Qa, the a/ieriwon of the «jgiith day ouf,, the captain was evidently alarjned,  and afterward said he expected every mia- u,te to $ee lisy» vfe*sel go  o« feer beam- ©gds^   We all group«<t oa deek, holding on with both hands £ nd txied lo laugh, and appe^ iodi^r^rL but it would not do.    it was like boj's   whistling in th»