Winyah Observer

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t*MiiiMlMiiiaHia
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Waterman & Tarbox, Proprietors.
Devoted to News, General Intelligence^ Miscellany, &c,
Georgetown, S. C, Saturday, December 22, 1849.
B. IL Wilson, Editor,
Vol. IX.
[Xo. 497
Toombs' and Stephens' Spoecli.
be intiini(1ale(J b}'eulogies upon llu Un-» slaveiiol(iei'.    Ydii Iinve oi ven the stron-' be spread belore tlieni, will lliey believe willbe  Jbund lo   bo  nue.    This Union
The  folloiviiin-'aro llio  remarks of ihe''''"'''"''''^'^'^"'''"'''^"s "'''"^se  vvho are ' gost indiciitions thnt you will   nut per- oliove genllemen (]oliver«d in ilie House of   not read}-to sacrifice nutional honor, os- ¦ firm this Iriist—tiiat you will appropri- Ileprescntulives in Wu,«liinglon on the 13tli inst,    Thes3   disliny-ui h d  men are   from
' our brelhren of the Souili to be in earn- • was lormed for the coniinon bL'iufil. We est. of the youlii cnme into it for mutual bc-
senlial interests, and constitutional ri<rlils , a:e to your.selves all ofthis territory, per- I     Mr. Wallace, ofSouth Carolina.    We • nefils as well as llie peo])le of the North, upon its altar.    Sir, I have as much al- '¦ petrate all of these wrongs which I  have i will teach you that we are in earnest. Il was not lo have our l•i;^ll)s or feeling-g
our sister Stale Georgia, and t!ie W/o/e :j tachment lo the union of these State.s, j enunieralcd ; yet vvilh these declarations 'j Mr. Kaker. I should be obliired to gon- trampled on; i.nd I t-ll genllemen, Souili is indebted to them for the injepend-j| under llie consliiuiion of our fiither.«, as Ij on your lips, when Southern men re-a tlemen if they would tell me how this jrom whatever section they may come, tni COUISC ihey have taken   in  vindicating | any freeman ought lo have.    I am ready jl fu.se to act in party caucuses, with you, ! knowledge shall be imparted. not lo be deceived on this subject.    We
to concede and sacrifice for il wlitite
ouhave a conirolliiig majori- i     Mr,  Wallace.    When   I   said   they    will not siibinii   to aggressions  on  our
«' .Souihern rights "    The feeling at presenl j to concede  anrl sacrilice lor il wlititever ; in wliicli y
in VVashinglon is sufficient lo indicate the ^ a just and honorable man ought to sacri- ' ly—when wo a.sk the simplest guaranty « would tt ach you, I spoke in the name of r'glils. Every word said on ibis subject excitement that existed al the lime of their ^ (jce—I will do no more, I have nol heed- | for tho fuiure—we'are denounced out ij the peojile of lh2 South; and, in my opin- ii by iny colleague [M, Toombs] niec ts a speaking, and vve havo no doubt our readers ;; gj (|,g :,spe,-sions of those who did not ] ofdoors as recusants and Hictionisls, and i; ion. they will have their rights in spite ofi response in rny heart; Jf gentlei; c i sup- will be pleased wilh 'he language they | y„j^,|.j..(.,,.„j ^j,. ^j^,^j,.j,j j^ n-,i,,5,.cj,rc.sent, ij'"'''^"-"'s we arc met wilh ihe cry of ( (he iXorth—and it is that we intend to ¦'pose that by singing hymns to the Union, used on llial occasion :
my conductor  opinions in  relation to ;i " l-^"'"". t^'i'''"i-"    Sir, we have  passed Ueach you.
il can be pre.served, they mistake.    Th's
Mr. Toombs said the difficulties in the j these questions, V, hich in my judgment, so : '''^'' point.    It is too lale.    I Irve used f.     Mr, Baker.    Sir, I profess myself still ,| Union was founded on immutable justice way of ihe oiganiztition   of  this liouse ij vitally aflbct it.      The   time has  come
11IV
energies from the beginning of ;| unable to learn, from the gentleman's j and right—no! to render the weak sub- are apparent, and well understood here, ij when I shall not only utter them, but iJ <li's question to save the country con- f explanation, how we are lo be tauglit. j'ject to tho opjnessions of tbe strong. I and should l>e understood by the coun- Ij make them the basis of my political ac- I vulsion. I have resisted what I deem- jj The North will stand by theconstitution I think that tiiis debate may as wei! come try. A great sectional question lies at I tion here. I donot, ihen, hesitate to [j ed unnecessary and hurtful agitation. ;'and thus stand by the Union. We will jj now as at any other lime, and that the the foundalion ol'all these troubles. The 'j^ avow before this Iiouse and the countrv, jj I boped against hope, that a sense of jus- i think and act, and vote upon the proviso, I American hearl tnay be awakened: it disgraceful events of yesterday, and the ; and in the presence ofthe living God, |i t'co and patfJtmfiin would induce the | as Jefierson did. We v.ill be governed j lias been slumbering. ^Ve of the South explanations consequent upon their ex-!: that if by your legislation you seek to | North to settle llie.se questions upon jj by the majority of the people upon this j feell tbal we are weaker than the N'ortli. ])osure, prove conclusively that the dem-i; drive us from the territories  of Califor-| pi'ii'x-ip'es  honorable  and safe   to  both |i quest|«J.'*'^"**'" jl Butvvhen genllemen talk of organiz'ng
ocratic party and ihc free-soilers were t nia and New Mexico, [lurchased by the ;; .sections ofthe Lnion. I have p'aiited | [Here Mr. Ilillard, of Alabama, denied j, parties upon the principle of atiacliment both acting in reference to it. The ¦! common blood ;ind treasure ofihe whole 'j myself upon a national platform, resist- f that a m.ajiirity of llie people had a right, ' to tlie Union, it may as weil begin on tha Southern democrats were satisfied, frofh ,| people, and to abolish slavery in this Dis- | ing extremes at home and   abroad,  wil- j' under the constitution, to decide it.] ¦; principle of justice.
the public course and private as^uran- ij trict, ihcreby attempting to fix a nation- | lingly subjecting myself lo the aspersions | I repeat sir we will be governed by the !j Would you have us to be a mere ap- cesboth ofthe member whom they sup- ;l al degradation upon half the States ofj of enemies, and i'ar worse than that, the | will of a majority of the people, constitu- !' pondage to your Union ?—to suljinit to ported and his friends, that he was worthy |1 this confederacy, I am for (//.«,7)uV;« ,¦[• misconstrucron of friends, determined to ;, tioiially exjiressed ; but neither for the j aggression ai'ler aggression? I donot of trust upon these impo!'ta*t sectional j and if my physical courage b>c equal to | siruggle for and accept any fuir and hon- jl District ofColumbia, nor California, nor j: intend to debate tbis question here to- issues. The disclosures which were jj the mainienance of my convictions of ij otabic adjustment ol the.se questions. I j, New Mexico will we desire or even ij day ; but I tell you before that God that made, proved that they were inislaken ; ji right and duty, I will devote all I am and | have almost despaired   of any such,  at | dream ofa dissolution oflhis Union. jj rules the universe, that I  would  rather
and, with a promptness honorable to ] all 1 have on earlh to its consummation. | least I'rom this House. We must arouse | Gentlemen, when you threaten it, we |. the Southern Country wilh all her states- them, they instantly withdrew their sup- j From 17S7 to this hour the peofjle ofthe 'j and appeal to the nation. We must tell I shall doubt ; when you protest, we shall :; men and all her great sjiirits, was oflered port, and left the discredit to fall where ii South have asked nolhing but justice— 1.' them boldly and frankly that we jirefer jj disclaim; but no ferved declarations, no ¦' up an honorable sacrifice^ than that we it properly belonged. The free-soilers, jj nolhing but tho jnaintenance of the prin- | any calamities to submission to such deg- jj fiery appeals to Southern feelings, no sol- 'i should submit for one instant to deore- who were engaged in the discreditable ji c'lplesand the spirit which controlled our Ij radation and injury as thijy vvould entail : emn   invocations  addressed to the   Al- Ij dation.    [Great applause.]
conspiracy, secretly and dishonorably :! fathers in the formation of the consiitu- |l upon us ; that we hold that to bo the con- sought to acquire advantage in the or-ii tion. Unless wc are unworthy of our | summation of ali evil. I have staled my ganizalion of the Hoiise by private pled- '{ ancestors, we will never accept less as a i positions. I have not argued them. I ges, concealed, and intended to be con- jj condition of union. A great con.stitu- i reserve that for a future occasion, cealed, from the great .iiajority of those,'{ tional right, which   was declared  by a j 'J'hese ate principles iqion   which I   act
mighty, (as if indeed, he were a God of; I would say in llie languace of Kos- discord,) will make us believe that here ji suth, to that one who would not stand in this hall there is one man who cham- ,* up by his section, mav the curses of the bers in his secret heart a purpose so ac- p eternal God rest upon his liead ! I cursed and so deadly. Sir, we do not | Mr. Cleveland addressed the House at whose votes were necessary to elect the f distinguished norlhern justice oflbe Su-    here.    Give me secuiilies ihat the pow- j believe the Union can ever bo dissolved, | considerable length, uroiiio-  that   if  the
No evidence shall convince us till the deed is done. Yet, if such a thing be possible, il shall not  be   our fault.    We
Sonthsawfit to leave the Union, tlie Nortli will stiil continue to regard them as brothers.    God forbid  that Nortlicrn
shall not be inlimidatad by threats of vi- f! men should utter seniimentshere sucha.s olence.    We shall not  shrink from the ij he had to-day heard, showing a disposi-^
l>erson for whom they voted. They '^ preme Court (lialdwin) to be the cor-ll er of the organization which you seek sought, by a discreditable trick, to se- |i ner stone of the Union, and without p will not be used totlie injury of my con- cure those advantages in the organiza- • wiiich he avers, in a judicial decision, it ' stituents, then you can have my co¬ tion, which they had not the courage, or !; vvould never have been formed, has al- ! operalion, bu! not till then. Grant them the boldness, openly to demand.    They \ ready practically been abrogated  in all i and you prevent the  recurrence  of the
affected to rely on a written pledge, ii of the non-slaveholding States. I mean | disgraceful scenes oftlie last twcnIy-four jl calm expression ofour deliberate judg-| tion on their [lart to re"ard the Soutfi which they knew was given in fraud and I the right to reclaim fugitives from labor. I hours, and restore tranquility to the | ment. We are here as freemen to speak jj wilh bitlernets of heart. But while he treachery. I leave the morality and j I ask any and every Norlhern man on j country. Refuse them, and, as far as I ( for freemen, and we will speak and act j desiied those ofhis ovvn section to feel honesty of this party to be tested by the , this floorto answer me, now, if this is not | am concerned, " let discord reign for- ' as' in the face ofthe world, and of poster- kindly towards the South, he knew that simple fact of this transaction, with the jl true—if this great right indispensable lo j ever." | terity. Gentlemen, who is there among ii the North would be as firm as its own single remaik, that these aie the men f the formation of the Union, is any longer j M. Baker, of Illinois said: Althouh j us, amid all this talk of dissolution, that i rocks in its positions. Wedo not de- whose consciences have no rest, on ac- j for any practicable purpose, a living 1 among the weakest and humblest of the J does not love the Union? Is there a j sire to trespass on their rifdus. How count of what they call the sin of slave- jj principle ? There are none to deny it. | Northern men, I cannot reconcile it to | man in this vast assemblage, who, on the j would they like to be dictated to as we ry.    The   whig  parly  presented   their | You admit you have not performed your jj my sense of duty to ]>ermit the obscrva-| coolest   reflection   would not  give   his | have been this  morning lobe   ihrcat-
nominee, who has received the support'! constitutional duty ; that you withhold | tions of thc honorable gentleman from I Mood to cement it ? Is not this our coun- of the great majority of that party. No I from us a right which was one of our | Georgia [.Mr. Toombs] to pass without ry, and is it not all our country ? [Ap- pledges were asked by the Northern j main inducements to the Union ; yet j immediate and distinct reply. And | plause.] Sir, I confess this response members of that party, for the very suf- (j you wonder that we look upon your eu- j while I know bim to be one of the most ' gladdens my heart; and already I re ficient reason that being in a majority of ;| logics of a Union whose rnost sacred ! eloquent and gifted of ihe gentlemen of nearly three to one, they were very a-ij principles you have thus trampled under I the Soulh, it is precisely fbr ihis reason bundantly able to take care of themselves. Ij foot as nothing better than mercenery y I shall utter Uiis response, without unrea- Idid not act with them, because the !l hypocritical cant. This District was | sonable excitement, and I trust in a be- eventsof the past, of the present, and the jl ceded immediately after the Constitution Ij coming temper.    I avow myself in the
proach myself that I could waver in my j position in which they place tliemselves
i confidence   but for a   moment.    It was |i before the American people.    Thev are
a mournful spectacle  to  a  true-minded ;i here only through the   general  acquies-
man, when .threats oF   disunion, fierce j cence in the principles that the majority
' and bitter, could draw forth shouts of ap- j shall govern; and when here merely  on
prospect ofthe future, force the  convic-j! was formed.    It   was the   gift of Mary-| first place, as decidedly in favor of what Iplause  from gentlemen   on   the   other !| 'be question of the organization ofth
tion on my mind that the interests of my ji land to liei sister Slates for the location section of the Union are in danger; and jj oftheir common government. Its mu- Jam therefore unwilling to surrender the | nicipal law maintained and protected do- great power ofthe Speaker's chair with- .j! mestic slavery. You accepted it. Your out obtaining security for the future, jj honor was pledged for its maintenance We havejust listened to strong appeals ji as a national Capital.    Your faith  was
ened with a dissolution ofthe Union, un^ less they come to our terms ? Would they not soon have set it at defiance ? I ask my Southern friends to reflect on the
is called the Wilmot Proviso. It em- I: side of this House, as triumphant as if jj House, ihey want to prescribe metes and bodies a principle approved by my judg- I disunion were glory, and as if, indeed, | bounds, setting at defiance that prin^ ment, and dear to my heart; and yet I j the threat  were already accomplished, j ciple.
may say at once, in answer to questions And yet, sir, the echo contradicts the ut- Is this the treatment vve are to expect such as those proposed to the honorable ^ terance. This shout forthe Union will | from our Southern friends ? Are gen- gentlemen from New York, [Mr, Duer,] ji be taken up among the masses, till it be- f tlemen   sent here by  independent con-
upon   the   necessity   of organizing the ;l pledged to the maintenance of the rights jj'hat I have not sought to make this a test j comes a perpetual anthem of hope   and Iiouse.    I confess I do feel that necessi- k ofthe people who were thus placed un- j! in the selection  of a Speaker, or the or- jj joy.    It will swell amid the mountains ty.    From the best  lights  before  me, I jj der your care,    "i'our  fathers accepted : ganizalion of this House. 'the Norlh, and   travel  with   the   win
cannot see  that my constituents have J! the trust, protected the slaveholder and i      I would have cheerfully voted for the anything to hope from your legislation,    all other citizens in their rights, and in all': honorable gentleman from Georgia. [Mr.
but everything to fear. We are not im¬ patient to have the doors of your treasu¬ ry thrown open, and forty millions ofthe common taxes of the whole nation thrown into the lap of one half of it. We ask for none ofit; we expect none ofit; therelore   gentlemen must pardon my
stituencies to be told that if they act thus and so, Ibis Union shall be dissolv¬ ed ?    The Hartford Convention met and
I across tlie prairies ofthe West.    It will | attempted lo dictate lerms to the Federal reverberate through all  the vast e.xten- I Government.    They failed, and  to the
respects faithfully and honestly executed ji Toombs,] and I did on yesterday, vote f, .sion of the confederacy, and be repeated | last day ofthe lives of the members of the trust; but they liave been gathered jj forthe distinguished member from Ken- | by a thousand advancing generations. S that body they found occasion to recret to their fathers, and it was left to their ii tucky, [xMr. Morehead ] Sir, in voting j Sir, in the name of the men of the North, ! the act. Are our Southern frionds do- degenerate sons, to break their faith with Ji thus, as in voting for Mr. Winthrop, I j so rudely attacked—and speaking what ," ing to u.s as thev  would h.ive us  do  '
us, and insolently to attempt to play the i have desired to select a Whig as Speaker master  where   they were  admitted as ' —known to me and tp the country.    I
I knew tobe  their sentiments—I say   a I them?    The   North   are   true to the dissolution ofthis Union is, must be, shall j Union, and to the principles of liberly ;
brethren.    I trust, sir, if ihe representa- [i have not asked, and I would not ask, that ': he impossible, as   long as an American f yet there is no .sentiment on the  part  of
 .-,u„ M„„.u „  .1 I : I.;., „^:„:.,„„ ......^ .!,;„..,i.;,.„. .,,-„i     heart beats in an American bosom,  or    the North like a desire to triumph over
the Almighty sends his wisdom  and  his    the South, who are our brethren.    You
want of .sympathy for their impatience. | tives of the Norlh prove themselves un-' his opinions upon this subject of slavery By giving you the control ofthe treasu- J worthy oftheir ancestors, we shall not j should influence him in the selection of ry, we increase your ability to oppress. !'prove ourselves unworthy of ours ; that ^ committees: but I do desire that he I want grievances redressed, and seeuri- ij we have the courage to defend what they jj should be a Whig—constant and relia- ty against their further perfietration, be- j had thc valor to win. The territories ij ble—ana with this I have been, and fore I am willing to give you power over j are the common property of the people j would be, content.    I desire, in the next
goodness to guide us and to bless us.
Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, did not wish to be called on to discuss the question of the Union of thee* States.   He cherished
the supplies. Sir, I do not regret this state of things in the House. It is time we understood one another; .that we should speak out, and carry out principles in our foreheads.
of the Uniled States, purcha.sed by their ;j place,   to remark  as to these threats of 1 more than aught else the compact form- common blood and   treasure.    You are ^ disunion, listen3d to so painfully and so j ed by our fathers after the revolutionary
intensely.    Sir, I  deny  that the great   struggle.    But I   tell  this House, that
their common agents ; it is ycur duty, while they are in a territcrial state, to remove all inipediments tlieir free epjoy-
It seems from the remarksof the gen- j ment by ail sections, and   people ofthe
tlemun froon New York, that we are lo i Union,  thc  slaveholder   and   the non-
i
body of the people of the North have wislied to raise such a question, or to ex¬ cite .^unreasonable agitation ; nor, when the scenes and speeches of this day shall
when the Wilmot Proviso is consumma¬ ted in my section of the country, from that day the Union is dissolved ; and whether the North believes it or not, it
may talk ofa dissolution f>f the Union, but if put in practice it will lie in eflect like dismembering a body; that may survive, but it will be a maimed body. What becomes of the limb ? .does it not perish? The North will meet our .Southern friends kindly and settle our difficulties fairly ; bul they will not sur¬ render their rights or our love for liber¬ ty. They cannot be driven from the po- sition they have taken.    They desire to